Metacognition, an Optional Unit Test, and a Reading Narrative Essay

When my Grade 12 University level English class finished reading Ayn Rand’s The Fountainhead, they entered class prepared to write a unit test as a culminating activity for the three and a half weeks they had spent reading Rand’s tome. Once all were seated, and the last-minute speculative whispering regarding possible themes and important quotes that may appear on the test had all settled, I outlined the test that I had prepared for them. I carefully explained that ‘Part A’ was a multiple choice section that was not designed to insult their intelligence, but that the descriptors they would be expected to match were present to trigger some ideas for ‘Part B’, a more complex portion of the test where students would be asked to respond to important themes of the text. Finally, I explained that ‘Part C’ was where the money would be: a metacognitive portion of the test where they would be asked about the reading strategies they had been implementing and improving over the unit. I reminded them that for all who had already begun working on their Reading Narrative Essays that were to be due the following week, ‘Part C’ wouldn’t be that difficult because they would have already been thinking along these lines. I then announced that if it were true that they indeed were writing a test that day, I would ask them to place all of their answers on the sheet of full-scap that I would give them, but that because the test was canceled, this wouldn’t be the case!

Exclamations of relief and joy were immediately exhaled and praised towards a variety of deities throughout the room. Now grinning, I told them that the unit test was going to be optional, and that I wanted them all to spend the period focused on their reading narrative essays. Only once all of the essays were completed, graded, and returned, would I allow each of them to make a decision, for better or for worse, whether or not to write the unit test. I realize that many of the students tend to do particularly well on unit tests and are often able to buoy their otherwise weaker English grades, and, though I didn’t want to take that opportunity away from them, I wanted them to critically think about how they had been learning over the course of the unit, every bit as much as about what they had learned.

The Reading Narrative Essay is one of the ways to meet the specific curriculum expectations of metacognition. My colleagues and I often shy away from incorporating a lot of metacognition into our English classrooms, because it can be difficult to evaluate — this despite the fact that only overall expectations must each be evaluated, but specific expectations must only be introduced and not necessarily evaluated either formatively or summatively. Nevertheless, I have frequently reminded my Grade 12 class that I want them to be thinking about their own strengths and weaknesses, what they are doing to improve their own learning and how those strategies are working for them.

For the narrative essay, I asked the students to each tell me a story about their experience of reading The Fountainhead, a story that represented the growth of their understanding of the novel including the setbacks and frustrations they suffered, the diversions and surprises they encountered, the connections they were able to make and the epiphanies they experienced. I wanted their narrative essay to explain to me what the novel was like for them, how it clashed or resonated with their own identity and their own ideas. I realize that this narrative essay format wouldn’t qualify my students for any of this year’s contest topics, but I’m still hoping that a few of my students will revise their work to submit to the Ayn Rand Institute judges.

Some students seemed genuinely relieved at the idea of writing a narrative essay, thinking an assignment asking them to tell a story about their reading experience sounded easy. Others seemed anxious at the thought of stepping out of their own comfort zone — disappointed that they were not being given the opportunity to demonstrate how well they’ve mastered the five-paragraph essay format they’d honed over their previous three years of high school.

When the essays came in, I found them a joy to mark because they were all so radically different and each was truly unique. Some students struggled with the freedom of writing in the first person, slipping in and out of the persuasive literary essay format that they had become familiar with, and others frequently digressed into plot summaries. Most, however, delivered a genuine narrative essay, complete with their brief attempts at exploring questions they had about plot, themes, and characters, with their predictions and set-backs along the way, and with their major “Ah ha!” moments. I tried to prepare a flexible rubric, but will welcome any suggestions colleagues may have.

While the narrative essay may be asking both students and instructors alike to step out of their comfort zone of the traditional five-paragraph format, I believe it is a real attempt at helping students find their own voice. Certainly something that Howard Roark, and Ayn Rand herself, would surely be pleased with.

Lesson Debrief: Scripted Dialogue with Duddy Kravtiz

My Grade 12 English class is two weeks into a unit that uses Mordecai Richler’s The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz as its main text, and “What is important in life?” as its guiding question. At the end of this unit, I am expecting students to submit essays that reflect their learning and thinking processes.

Rather than starting with the five-paragraph essay form and shoehorning their ideas into that, however, students are going to test their ideas in a form that is both exploratory and fun: one option for them will be the scripted dialogue. So, we practiced.

To begin, students were asked to imagine a conversation between Duddy and his dead mother, Minnie, and to express it in dramatic script form. (Since we had recently studied An Ideal Husband and Hamlet, students were familiar with the form.)

I offered students some prompts to get them started in their dialogues:

  • Mom, guess what I’ve done? You should see me now! You’d be so proud.
  • Mom, I’m sorry. I’ve made a few mistakes.
  • Mom, tell me about _________. I was too young / I never knew ….

They were then given 50 minutes to create dramatic scripts with opening, stage, and character directions. I explained that it was not a test to see how much they knew about the novel, although I did want to recognize Duddy. Mostly, I wanted them to have fun.

The results were promising.

What Worked Well

  • Simple instructions were easily and quickly followed, allowing students to spend their time creating rather than figuring out what I wanted from them.
  • Everyone wrote busily and happily for 50 minutes, suggesting that this was a topic and/or form that has a lot of potential for this group.
  • Students genuinely explored Duddy’s personality in vulnerable moments, something I doubt I would have seen had I expected them to create a thesis and muster three supporting arguments for it.
  • Students are proud of their products and are eager to share their scripts with their classmates. (This is unusual.)

What Needs Work

  • The rubric that I’m working with needs to be adjusted to take the focus off of textual knowledge. A few students were too anxious to prove textual knowledge and were sidetracked looking for quotes and minute details.

All told, this was a great exercise in which possible essay topics rose naturally to the surface.